Beilstein J. Nanotechnol.2018,9, 2546–2560, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.237
ratio (SNR) for frequency, amplitude and phase measurements. It mainly depends on the cantilever’s quality factor which directly influences the phasenoise and resolution of the resonance peak [19]. With decreasing cantilever dimensions, the quality factor usually decreases, hence, detectability
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Figure 1:
(a) Scanning electron microscopy image of a sensor realization consisting of a silicon microcantile...
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol.2014,5, 1–18, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.1
and optimizing around randomly chosen key values.
Keywords: dynamic; frequency noise; Kelvin force microscopy; noise performance; phasenoise; thermal excitation; Introduction
Surface potential imaging in combination with atomic force microscopy in ultrahigh vacuum is based on the measurement of
of noise gains as in Figure 1, it is necessary to present it by a noise source inserted between blocks APLL and FPLL. We shall now calculate how the displacement noise at the photodetector output transforms into phasenoise at the phase detector output, which is represented by the phasenoise
oscillation at f but with opposite sign, and hence two vectors a at opposite difference frequencies would add arithmetically and cancel. Regarding the phasenoise at a frequency fpert, the spurious superimposed oscillations are replaced by the respective noise densities at frequencies Dn(f0 ± fpert)[V
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Figure 1:
An OpAmp circuit and its equivalent circuit of forward gain A and feedback gain F.